by
Damien F. Mackey
There was … Kagemni,
which name occurs in both the Fourth and Sixth dynasties.
Egyptologists, with their lengthy chronological separation of the
Fourth from the Sixth
dynasty must assume that two Viziers Kagemni
are involved here. No
need for that if, as I think, the Fourth and
Sixth dynasties were
contemporaneous.
My search for
the historical Moses
· Phase One
Initially, inspired by a legend that Moses was “a king”
(was this clue from Artapanus?), I searched for him amongst whichever pharaohs
I considered to be chronologically reasonable for Moses.
This took up a lot of time, with no positive result.
· Phase Two
Much later, after I had to my satisfaction identified Moses
as Vizier and Chief Judge of Egypt (cf. Exodus 2:14) - a high office, but clearly
subordinate to Pharaoh - I came to reject any notion that Moses could have been
a King (Pharaoh).
And I decried legends that, whilst often helpful, can sometimes
be highly misleading.
See e.g. my article:
‘Chenephres’ drives Moses out of
Egypt
(6)
'Chenephres' drives Moses out of Egypt
Moses was, I now confidently concluded:
Sixth Dynasty: Weni (Uni), Vizer and
Chief Judge;
Twelfth Dynasty: Mentuhotep, Vizer and
Chief Judge, and
the semi-legendary Sinuhe,
whose story shares “a common matrix”
with that of Moses
(professor Emmanuel Anati).
I also liked Moses as the Sixth Dynasty’s general
and trader, Iny, a name very like Weni (Uni), and who,
like Weni, was nautically involved in both war and trading.
· Phase Three
Now, in late March 2025, a handful of likely Moses types
came to my notice.
These were all writers and teachers of Instructions
and Maxims.
But, most significantly, a briefly reigning Pharaoh is
amongst them. See Phase Four.
There was (i) Kagemni, which name occurs in both the
Fourth and Sixth dynasties. Egyptologists, with their lengthy
chronological separation of the Fourth from the Sixth dynasty must
assume that two Viziers Kagemni are involved here.
No need for that if, as I think, the Fourth and Sixth
dynasties were contemporaneous.
Kagemni wrote Instructions. (Cf. Acts 7:22: “And Moses was learned in all the
wisdom of the Egyptians, and was mighty in words and deeds)”.
And
he, like Weni-Mentuhotep, Vizier and Chief Judge, was “Chief justice and
vizier”.
There was also (ii) Ptahhotep. Many, myself
included, have been hypnotised by his supposed life span of 110 years, like
Joseph of Egypt (Genesis 50:26): “So
Joseph died at the age of 110”. And we have tried to make of Ptahhotep the
biblical Joseph. But, although he is sometimes mentioned in a Third Dynasty
(Joseph’s) context, he properly belonged to the Fifth Dynasty (Moses’s).
Dr.
Ernest L. Martin, who was absolutely convinced that Ptahhotep was Joseph,
mistakenly mentioned him in a Third Dynasty context: “This Egyptian
document is often called “The Oldest Book in the World” and was originally
written by the vizier in the Fifth (or Third) Dynasty”:
https://www.askelm.com/doctrine/d040501.htm
Ptahhotep
handed down wise Maxims.
There
was (iii) Djedefhor (Hordjedef), another wise writer of Instructions
during the Fourth Dynasty.
Summary of One to Three
Moses, as Weni(Iny)-Mentuhotep,
Vizier and Chief Judge (Fourth/Twelfth dynasties), combines nicely with
Kagemni, Chief Justice and Vizier, Fourth/Sixth dynasties, also greatly
strengthening my case for the Fourth and Sixth being just the one
dynasty.
And Kagemni, as a writer
of Instructions, combines nicely with the Vizier Ptahhotep (Fifth
Dynasty), a famous sage and writer of Maxims – both of these now connecting
with Djedefhor (Fourth Dynasty), for all of the same reasons.
Now, this is where Moses
as a briefly-reigning king comes in.
·
Phase Four
The wise Djedefhor was
actually a son of Khufu, our dynastic founding “new king” of Exodus 1:8. Like Weni
(my Moses), known as “the Elder” - pertaining to scholarship? - Djedefhor was
called “the Old”.
And like Moses, who renounced
the Crown (Hebrews 11:24-26):
By
faith Moses refused to be called the son of Pharaoh’s daughter when he was
grown up. He chose to be mistreated with God’s people instead of having
the temporary pleasures of sin. He thought that the abuses he suffered for
Christ were more valuable than the treasures of Egypt, since he was looking
forward to the reward ….
Djedefhor disdained to
become Crown Prince. And he later abdicated.
Here is the Moses-like
Biography of this scholarly prince:
https://althistory.fandom.com/wiki/Djedefhor_I_(Pharaonic_Survival)
Djedefhor I (Pharaonic Survival)
Djedefhor, called the Old and the Scholar, was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh of the Fourth Dynasty during the Old Kingdom. He is
also known as Hordjedef. Djedefhor was the son of Khufu … and successor of Bakara, his nephew, and his mother was Meritites I. He is
notable for being one of the few Egyptian Pharaohs to Abdicate ….
Biography
Djedefhor was a son of
Pharaoh Khufu and brother of pharaohs Djedefra
… and Khafra … his mother was Queen Meritites … making him a full brother
of Djedefra ….
The Teachings of
Djedefhor, a document of which only fragments remain, is attributed to him.
Djedefhor was deified after his death. ….
As a prince, Djedefhor
dedicated himself to scholarly pursuits, showing a profound interest in
education and intellectual growth. His elder brother Kawab's untimely death
left a vacancy in the line of succession. Their father, Khufu, initially
intended for Djedefhor to ascend the throne, recognizing his wisdom and
capabilities. However, Djedefhor declined the offer, feeling that his
contributions were better suited to other roles. Consequently, his younger
brother Djedefra [sic] was named Crown Prince.
Djedefhor continued to
cultivate his reputation as a learned and highly respected individual. His
counsel was sought after and greatly valued during the reigns of his brothers,
contributing significantly to the governance and intellectual climate of the time.
Upon the premature death
of King Bakara, Djedefhor was elected king by the Great 20 of Upper and Lower
Egypt.
[End of quote]
A few
clarifications are necessary here:
Djedefhor’s presumed
mother, Meritites, would likely be the same as Meresankh (Ankhesenmerire),
Moses’s actual Egyptian foster-mother, “Merris” (Artapanus).
His supposed
half-brother, Djedefra, who reigned for a short time, would be Djedefhor
himself. The names are identical, except for the altered theophoric, where ra
(the Sun god, Ra) is replaced with hor (the falcon god, Horus):
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djedefre
Djedefre (also known as Djedefra and Radjedef;
died c. 2558 BC) [sic] was an ancient Egyptian king
… of the 4th Dynasty during the Old Kingdom.
He is well known by the Hellenized form of his name Rhatoisēs (Ῥατοίσης) by Manetho. Djedefre
was the son and immediate throne successor of Khufu, the builder of the Great Pyramid of Giza ….
Finally, since the Fourth
and Sixth dynasties were one and the same, Djedefre would be the same as
the short-reigning, Userkare, who, most interestingly, was erased by Pepi (one
of my versions of ‘Chenephres’ who pursued Moses out of Egypt), with the word
“desert” (to where Moses fled) inserted:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Userkare
Userkare (also Woserkare,
meaning "Powerful is the soul of Ra"; died c. 2332 BC) [sic] was
the second king of
the Sixth Dynasty of Egypt, reigning
briefly, 1 to 5 years, in the late 24th or the early 23rd century BC.
Userkare's relation to his predecessor Teti and successor Pepi … is unknown and his reign remains enigmatic.
Although he is attested in some historical
sources, Userkare is completely absent from the tomb of the Egyptian officials
who lived during his reign and usually report the names of the kings whom they
served. Furthermore, the figures of some high officials of the period have been
deliberately chiselled out in their tombs and their titles altered, for
instance the word "king" being replaced by that of
"desert". Egyptologists thus suspect a possible Damnatio memoriae on Pepi
I's behalf against Userkare. ….
More recently, I have added this extra dimension to Moses
as pharaoh:
Moses in Egypt’s Fifth Dynasty
(4) Moses in
Egypt’s Fifth Dynasty
Introduction
This
re-working of my article under the same title, “Moses in Egypt’s Fifth
Dynasty”, has become necessary due to my brand new recognition of Moses as the
Fifth Dynasty pharaoh, Niuserre Ini, to accompany his pharaonic alter egos of
Djedefre-Djedefhor (Fourth Dynasty) and Userkare (Sixth Dynasty). ….
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